Көмір күлінен скандийді минералдық және органикалық қышқылдармен шаймалаудың салыстырмалы зерттеуі
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18321/cpc23(3)299-309Кілт сөздер:
көмір күлі, шаймалау, скандий, лимон қышқылыАңдатпа
Скандий (Sc) – жоғары өнімді қорытпалар мен энергия технологияларында қолданылатын маңызды элемент, алайда оны көмір күліндей екіншілік көздерден алу төмен концентрацияға және отқа төзімді алюмосиликаттармен берік байланысына байланысты күрделі болып отыр. Бұл зерттеуде көмір күлінен Sc шаймалау үрдісі минералдық (HCl, H2SO4) және органикалық (лимон, алма, қымыздық, шарап) қышқылдар көмегімен бірдей жағдайда (80 °C, 0,5 М, қатты мен сұйықтың қатынасы 1:20) бағаланды. Минералдық қышқылдар ең жоғары экстракция шығымын (82-90%) көрсетті, алайда олардың селективтілігі төмен болып, Fe мен Al-дың кең көлемде қосалқы еріп кетуі байқалды. Органикалық қышқылдардың ішінде лимон қышқылы ең қолайлы нәтиже беріп, шығымдығы 68%-ға дейін жетті, ал Fe мен Al ерігіштігі 26%-дан аспады. Цитрат қышқылының концентрациясын (0,1-1,0 М) және қойыртпақ тығыздығын (25-100 г/л) өзгерте отырып жүргізілген толық факторлық жоспарлау тиімділік пен селективтілікті реттеуге болатынын көрсетті. Оптималды жағдайларда (0,5 М, 25 г/л) 64% Sc қалпына келтірілді, ал селективтілік коэффициенттері Sc/Fe = 6,40 және Sc/Al = 3,76 мәндерін көрсетті.
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