Manufacture of electrode materials for energy storage based on graphene-like carbon produced from onion husk
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18321/cpc21(3)139-146Keywords:
supercapacitors, carbonization, activation, activated carbon, electrode, graphitization.Abstract
This work presents the synthesis of graphene-like carbon from onion husk used as a precursor for the manufacture of electrode materials for energy storage devices. Graphene-like carbon was synthesized from onion husk (OH) by pre-carbonization at 550 °C and subsequent thermochemical activation in KOH at 850 °C in a stainless-steel reactor. The structure and morphology of the obtained samples of graphene-like carbon were studied by SEM, X-ray diff raction analysis, and Raman spectroscopy. The electrochemical and cyclic CVC characteristics of the samples were carried out using an Elins P–40X potentiostat-galvanostat. The surface morphology of the GLC-OH sample during carbonization at 550 °C has a characteristic thermal stratifi cation of the material, which after activation in KOH at 850 °C, makes it possible to obtain a developed surface with fl akes of graphene-like carbon. The X-ray diff raction pattern shows broadened peaks in the 2 theta 40–50° region, which are characteristic of graphene like structures. Raman spectroscopy determined the formation of multilayer graphene with a large number of structural defects. The synthesized GLC OH powder was used as an active material in the assembly of a two-layer electrochemical capacitor. The electrochemical characterization of the assembled capacitor showed a specifi c capacitance value of 130 F/g and a Coulomb effi ciency of 94.7% at a gravimetric current density of 1000 mA/g. The obtained results demonstrate that the use of graphene like carbon from onion husk waste is a promising material for high-voltage supercapacitors.
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