Ультразвуковая обработка – эффективный способ направленного синтеза наноструктурированных систем (обзор)

Abstract

The article provides an overview of works on ultrasonic treatment (UST) and physicochemical processes that take place during ultrasonic treatment in liquid media on inorganic and organic materials. The role of cavitation phenomena, acoustic flows, heat generation and chemical reactions, as well as mechanical effects associated with the appearance of alternating stresses in solids and diffusion phenomena that contribute to the formation of a structure, both at the micro- and nano-level of the processed systems, is shown. By the example of quartz and wollastanite, it is clearly shown how, as a result of ultrasonic treatment, the
dispersion and structuredness of the surface of the particles of the processed powders occurs. It is also shown how ultrasonic treatment can be used to control the state and qualitative changes in the properties of gel systems as a result of ultrasonic treatment on the structure formation process. The use of ultrasonic treatment is most effective when processing mixtures of a colloidal base and an inorganic filler (silicon dioxide). The development of such systems is of particular importance in the preparation of medicinal and cosmetic products.